The Potentials of Raphia Palm Wine (Raphia vinifera) and Oil Palm Wine (Elaeis guineensis) as Milt (Semen) Extenders in African Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) Following Chilled Storage and their Impacts on Milt Quality, Fertilization, Hatchability and Fry S

Columbus Philemon Kwinjoh; Ubah Simon Azubuike; Aniugwu Mercy Peter

doi:10.59890/ijbmp.v4i1.153

Authors

Columbus Philemon Kwinjoh University of Abuja, Nigeria
Ubah Simon Azubuike University of Abuja, Nigeria
Aniugwu Mercy Peter University of Abuja, Nigeria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59890/ijbmp.v4i1.153

Keywords:

Palm Wine, Milt, Extender, Fertilization, Hatchability, Catfish

Abstract

This work aimed to investigate the use of palm wines (Raphia vinifera and Elaeis guineensis) as milt (semen) extenders. Mature male catfish weighing 1.6kg was used for milt collection and dilution. Another male weighing 1.5kg was used for fresh milt collection for spawning (Phase 2). Mature female catfish weighing 2.2kg was used for spawning and egg stripping to collect the eggs. The experiment consisted of 5 groups in phase 1, comprising of groups A (coconut water/control), B (Oil palm wine), C (Raphia palm wine), D (Raphia palm wine + antibiotics) and E (Oil palm wine + antibiotics). Each of the groups was extended with fresh catfish milt at dilution ratio of 1:9 and each group was shared into 10 different sterile containers of 1ml each. Each group was repeated into three and they were stored at 4ᵒC and were observed daily for mass activity, motility and pH till 7 days. Three superior diluents were used for spawning in phase 2 after 24hrs of chilled storage consisting of group A (Coconut water), group B (Oil palm + AB), and group C (Raphia palm + AB) and group D (Fresh milt / control). Results showed that daily sperm motility had significant differences between the means across all groups. There were significant differences (p<0.0001) in fertilization, hatchability and fry survival rates. It was concluded that the addition of antibiotics increased the potential of both palm wines to be used as milt extenders. It was recommended to further modify the palm wines to explore their potentials as milt extenders

References

Adedeji OB, Okocha RC (2011). Constraint to Aquaculture Development in Nigeria and Way Forward. Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria; 2011.

Adewolu, M. A., Adeniji, C. A., and Adejobi, A. B. (2008). Feed utilization, growth and survival of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822).

Aitken RJ, Best FSM, Warner P, Templeton A (1984). A prospective study of the relationship between semen quality and fertility in cases of unexplained infertility. J. Androl. 1984; 5: 297–303.

Alagbe, J.O. (2019). Role of Moringa oleifera meal on the growth performance of Poultry/African Catfish - A review. International Journal of Advanced and Biomedical Research, 7(3): 237-245.

Ali, S.A. (2008). Toddy and palm wine. http://itdg.org/docs/technical informations services/toddy

Amoa-Awua, W. K., Sampson, E. and Tano-Deborah, K. (2007). Growth of yeast, lactic acid bacteria in palmwine during tapping and fermentation from felled oil palm (Elaesis guineensis) in Ghana. Journal of Applied Microbiology, 102: 599-606.

Amoa-Awua, W.K., Sampson, E and Tano-Debrah, K (2006). Growth of yeasts, lactic and acetic acid bacteria in palm wine during tapping and fermentation from felled oil palm (Elaeis guneensis) in Ghana, Journal of Applied Microbiology, 101: 599-606.

Arun P B and Shigeharu S (2004). Decline in Fertilization and Hatching Rate of African Catfish Clarias gariepinus after Ovulation. Suisanzoshoku 52(1), 37-44.

Balogun O (2001). The Federal Capital Territory of Nigeria: a geography of its development. Ibadan University limited pp.3:6-7

Bassir, O (1968). In: Steinkraus, K. H., ed., handbook of indigenous fermented food. Pp. 316-317. Marcel Dekker Inc., New York and Basel.

Faparusi, S.I. and Bassir, O. (1972). Triterpines from Alstonia boonei. Phytochemistry 21:3083-3084

Federal Department of Fisheries (2000). Fisheries Statistics of Nigeria Projected human population; fish demand and supply in Nigeria from 2000 – 2015; 2008; 56.

Ijeoma, Abalaka, Samson, Bankole, Abayomi, Enem, Simon, Ejiofor, Charles, Ajayi, Itopa (2020) Effects of date fruit (Phoenix dactylifera) on sperm cell morphology and reproductive hormonal profiles in cypermethrin-induced male infertility DO - 10.1101/2020.06.17.156687 Elsevier

Karow AM, Gilbert WB, Black JB (1992) Effects of temperature, potassium concentration, and sugar on human spermatozoa motility: a cell preservation model from reproductive medicine. Cryobiology 29: 250-254.

Kuster C. E, Althouse GC (2016). The impact of bacteriospermia on boar sperm storage and reproductive performance. Theriogenology 85: 21-26.

Langford G. A, Marcus G. J, Hackett A. J, Ainsworth L, Peters H. F and Wolynetz M. S (1979). A comparison of fresh and frozen semen in the insemination of confined sheep. Canadian Journal of Animal Science, 59(4), 685-691.

Muchlisin Z. A (2005). Current status of extenders and cryoprotectants on fish spermatozoa cryopreservation. Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity, 6(1).

Muchlisin, Z. A., Nadiya, N., Nadiah, W. N., Musman, M, and Siti-Azizah, M (2010). Preliminary study on the natural extenders for artificial breeding of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822), Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation and Legislation International Journal of the Bioflux Society, Vol. 3(2) 119 – 124p.

National Population Commission Nigeria (2006). Population census of the Federal Republic of Nigeria (Abuja, Nigeria)

Olaleye, V.F (2005). A review of reproduction and gamete management in the African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell 1822); Ife Journal of Science Vol. 7 No.1 pp. 63- 70.

Onwuka, U. N. (2011). Performance evaluation of ohmic heating under a static medium on the pasteurization and quality parameters of palm wine (Raphia Hokeri). Journal of Emerging Trends in Egineering and Applied Science, 2(1): 160-165

Opara C.C. Ajoku, G and Madumelu, N.O (2013). Palm wine mixed culture fermentation kinetics, Greener Journal of Physical Sciences, 3(1): 028-037.

Oyeku, O.M., Adeyemo, F.S., Kupoluyi, F.C., Abdulhadi, T.M. Davies, O.S., Yussuf, I.G.,

Ozigbo E, Anyadike C, Adegbite OS, Kolawole P (2014) Review of aquaculture production and management in Nigeria. Am J Exper Agricult 4(10):1137–1151

Padilla AW, Foote RH (1991) Extender and centrifugation effects on the motility patterns of slow-cooled stallion spermatozoa. J Anim Sci 69: 3308-3313. 20.

Rurangwa, E., Volckaert, F. A. M., Huyskens, G., Kime, D. E. and Ollevier, F (2001). Quality control of refrigerated and cryopreserved semen using computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA), viable staining and standardized fertilization in African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Theriogenology 55, 751–769.

Sadiq A. O and Olatunji O. O (2009). Techno-Economic Packaging of Palm Wine Preservation And Bottling Technology for Entrepreneurs. Global Journal of Social Sciences Vol 8, no. 1: 21-26 Copyright© Bachudo Science Co. Ltd

Sule WF, Oyeyemi MO and Akusu MO (2007). Coconut milk-citrate as extender for West African dwarf buck spermatozoa at room temperature. Biokemistri 19(2): 63-73.

Ubah S.A, Abah K.O, Adetola A.M, Agbonu O.A, Columbus P.K, Abalaka S.E, Obudu C.E, Oguejiofor C.F, Mbegbu E.C and Ribadu A.Y. (2023). Effect of different milt extenders on sperm parameters, fertilization rate, embryo quality, and fry production traits in the African catfish (Clarias gariepinus)

Ubah Simon, Agbonu Adikpe, Oluwa, Columbus, Philemon, Abah, Kenneth, Chibuogwu,

USDA National Nutrient Database for standard reference, release 28 (2015). US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Nutrient Data Laboratory.

Victor T O, Ivan C C K, and Sherif M S (2017). A Simple technique for accurate estimation of fertilization rate with specific application to Clarias gariepinus (BURCHELL 1822) Aquaculture Research Willey. DOI:10.1111/are.13528

Yong JWH, Ge L. Ng YF and Tan SN (2009). The chemical composition and biochemical properties of coconut water. Molecules 14:5144-5164.

Zemjanis R (1970). Collection and evaluation of semen In: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technique in Animal Reproduction. 2nd edition. The Williams and Wilkins Company, Baltimore